Procure-to-Pay (P2P)
Σύντομη απάντηση
The end-to-end procurement cycle: request → order → receipt → invoice → payment → reconciliation.
Βασικά συμπεράσματα
- PR (Purchase Requisition) - internal department request
- RFQ / quoting - 2-3 suppliers
- PO (Purchase Order) - official order, ideally EDI
- GR (Goods Receipt) / GRN - physical receipt
- 3-way match - PO ↔ GRN ↔ invoice
Definition
Procure-to-Pay (P2P, also Purchase-to-Pay) is the inverse of O2C, from the buyer's perspective: internal request → supplier quotes → order → receipt (GRN) → invoice → payment → reconciliation.
Key stages
- PR (Purchase Requisition) - internal department request
- RFQ / quoting - 2-3 suppliers
- PO (Purchase Order) - official order, ideally EDI
- GR (Goods Receipt) / GRN - physical receipt
- 3-way match - PO ↔ GRN ↔ invoice
- Payment at due date, ideally automated
Typical losses without digital P2P
- 4-7% invoices paid twice (duplicates, no PO)
- 1.5-3% cash discounts missed (invoice processed late)
- 30-60% procurement time spent on non-strategic activity
Ενημέρωση:
Συχνές ερωτήσεις
Is P2P enterprise-only?+
No. For any company processing >50 supplier invoices/month, digital P2P pays back in under 12 months.
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Σχετικοί όροι
Order-to-Cash (O2C)
The end-to-end cycle from order receipt to invoice payment. A key cash-flow health indicator.
ΛειτουργίεςNIR / Goods Receipt Note (GRN)
Internal document confirming the physical receipt of goods in the warehouse - the pivot between supplier delivery note and invoice.
ΟικονομικάDSO (Days Sales Outstanding)
Average number of days from invoice issue to cash collection. Key cash-flow indicator.